Say Less, Coach More: Science-Based Cueing for Better Movement and Results
Say Less, Coach More: Science-Based Cueing for Better Movement and Results

I🧠 Internal vs. External Cues: What the Research Says Internal cues focus attention on the body: "Squeeze your glutes" "Keep your knees behind your toes" External cues direct attention to the environment or outcome: "Push the floor away" "Drive the bar toward the ceiling" β€œAn external focus of attention enhances movement effectiveness and efficiency.”— Wulf & Lewthwaite (2016), Psychonomic Bulletin & Review In a 2009 study by Marchant et al., lifters using external cues produced more force than those using internal cues.πŸ”— Read the study πŸ˜– The Danger of Over-Cueing Ever hear of "paralysis by analysis"? Too many internal or technical instructions disrupt natural movement flow and reduce performance. "Too much conscious control disrupts automatic motor processes." β€” Wulf, G. (2013), Frontiers in Psychology πŸ› οΈ Cueing Tips for Coaches 🎯 Start with the outcome Instead of: "Engage your core" Try: "Imagine bracing for a punch" πŸ–ΌοΈ Use imagery & metaphors "Zipper up your spine" (for posture) "Push the floor away" (instead of "extend your hips") 🚦 Keep it simple One cue per rep. Let the movement teach. πŸ‘‚ Ask for feedback Did the client feel what you intended? πŸ“Š Cueing Examples Table Exercise Internal Cue External Cue Squat "Keep knees out" "Spread the floor with your feet" Deadlift "Tighten your lats" "Crack a walnut under your arms" Push-up "Engage your core" "Move your chest away from floor" Sprint "Lift your knees" "Drive the ground away" βœ… Bottom Line Cueing is not just about giving instructions β€” it's about shaping performance. The research is clear: external cues lead to better learning, strength gains, and motor control. Choose your words with precision, and you’ll coach with impact. References: Wulf, G., & Lewthwaite, R. (2016). OPTIMAL theory Marchant, D. C., et al. (2009). Attentional focus and force production Wulf, G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning